低压硅胶柱层析分离制备高纯辣椒素
周宝磊，董新荣
（湖南农业大学理学院 长沙 410128 ）
摘要：从辣椒素总碱(Capsaicinoids)中提取高纯度的辣椒素及二氢辣椒素单体, 建立了分离工艺条件。以TLC实验筛选适当的洗脱流动相，低压硅胶柱层析分离纯化，产物用两相法重结晶,TLC及HPLC监测分离效果及产品纯度。结果表明优选的流动相为混合溶剂石油醚:丙酮=8 :2(体积比)，纯化分离得到辣椒素和二氢辣椒素，纯度分别从64%和29%提高到97%和96 % 。
关键词：辣椒素；纯化；低压柱色谱；薄层色谱法
The Separation and Purification of Capsaicinoids
with Silica Gel Column Chromatography at Lower Pressure
Bao-lei ZHOU, Xin-rong DONG
(College of Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)
Abstract: The separation and purification of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin from Capsaicinoids was studied. The products were separated and purified with silica gel column chromatography at lower pressure, in which the suitable mobile phase was determined by thin layer chromatography. The fractions from the column chromatography cults were purified with two-phase recrystallization method and the purity was detected by HPLC. Result showed the suitable mobile phase was the mixture of ligarine and acetone with the volume ratio 8:2. After column chromatography and recrystallization, two products were obtained with the purity 97% and 96%, which were improved from 64% and 29% respectively.
Keywords: capsaicinoids; purification; chromatography at lower pressure; thin layer
Chromatography(TLC)
辣椒素具有镇痛、抗炎、促进食欲、改善消化、抗菌杀虫、抗氧化和抑制动物体内脂肪的积累等广泛生物活性和应用价值[1,2,3,4]。辣椒素类物质主要由辣椒素、二氢辣椒素、降二氢辣椒素组成[5]，结构差异很小，很难将其分离为各单体。应用制备型高效液相、大孔树脂、高速逆流色谱等方法分离辣椒素类物质，不但对仪器设备要求较高，而且进样量少[6,7,8]。本实验采用低压条件下的硅胶柱色谱方法分离辣椒素类物质，通过对分离工艺条件的探索，解决了对仪器设备要求高、进样量少等缺点，提高了分离效率，对辣椒素和二氢辣椒素的分离有重要意义。
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