摘要：针对纺织印染废水可生化性差、难降解的特性，以江苏某印染企业 COD 2560 mg/L 废水为原料，采用驯化全混式厌氧反应器，考察水力停留时间及进水比例的处理效果，并结合微生物群落与GC‑MS分析降解规律。结果表明：HRT=1 d、进水占比≤30% 时，COD去除率＞87%；HRT=2 d 可完全处理原水，COD去除率为 58%~69%。芬顿深度处理可稳定出水达标，活性炭吸附可满足回用要求。厌氧体系优势菌群为厚壁菌门，难降解长支链烷烃残留。研究形成“厌氧+好氧/芬顿（0.5:1）”“厌氧+好氧+活性炭吸附”两条工艺，分别适配达标排放与中水回用，可为印染废水提标改造及资源化提供参考。
关键词：纺织印染废水；厌氧驯化；芬顿氧化；活性炭吸附；微生物群落
Study on the Performance of Anaerobically Acclimated Treatment of
Textile Wastewater and Combined Processes
Chen ZhongYuan¹, Liang Man li¹, Liu
Yue¹, Zhang Fan¹, Zhao Chun Yang¹, Yuan Wei Bo²，Deng Zhi Wei²*
（1. Technical Research and Development
Department,Huaian Tongfang Water Co., Ltd., Huai'an, Jiangsu, 223022；
2. Technical Research and Development
Department,Tongfang Water Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046）
Abstract: Aiming at the characteristics of poor
biodegradability and refractory nature of textile printing and dyeing
wastewater, the wastewater with COD of 2560 mg/L from a printing and dyeing
enterprise in Jiangsu was taken as the research object. A domesticated
completely mixed anaerobic reactor was adopted to investigate the treatment
performance under different hydraulic retention times and influent proportions,
and the degradation mechanism was analyzed combined with microbial community
and GC‑MS. The results show that the COD removal rate exceeds 87% at HRT of 1 d
and influent proportion ≤ 30%. When HRT is extended to 2 d, the reactor
can treat raw wastewater directly, with a COD removal rate of 58%–69%. Fenton
advanced treatment can achieve stable discharge‑standard effluent, while
activated carbon adsorption meets the reuse requirement. Firmicutes is the
dominant phylum in the anaerobic system, and refractory long‑chain branched
alkanes remain in the effluent. Two processes, namely "anaerobic +
aerobic/Fenton (0.5:1)" and "anaerobic + aerobic + activated carbon
adsorption", were established for discharge‑standard treatment and
reclaimed water reuse respectively, which can provide a reference for upgrading
and resource utilization of printing and dyeing wastewater.
Keywords: textile printing and dyeing wastewater;
anaerobic acclimation; Fenton oxidation; activated carbon adsorption; microbial
community
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