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多糖降血糖机制的研究现状与展望
  

摘要:糖尿病是21世纪重大的健康问题之一,严重影响人类健康。多糖因安全、低毒且具有高效的降血糖活性,成为抗糖尿病药物开发的研究热点。近年来,多糖降血糖的研究主要围绕直接调节碳水化合物水解、调节肝脏代谢、保护胰岛细胞功能、改善脂肪代谢、发挥抗氧化、抗炎作用以及调控神经内分泌轴与抑制肠道糖转运等途径展开。本文综述了多糖降血糖的分子机制与作用路径,为多糖降糖药物的开发提供理论参考。

Abstract:Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health issues in the 21st century, seriously affecting human health. Due to their safety, low toxicity and efficient hypoglycemic activity, polysaccharides have become a research focus in the development of anti-diabetic drugs. In recent years, studies on the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides have mainly focused on pathways such as direct regulation of carbohydrate hydrolysis, regulation of liver metabolism, protection of islet cell function, improvement of lipid metabolism, exertion of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as regulation of the neuroendocrine axis and inhibition of intestinal glucose transport. The paper reviews the molecular mechanisms and action pathways of polysaccharides in blood glucose lowering, providing a theoretical reference for the development of polysaccharide-based hypoglycemic drugs.



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