一种生物基应急隔热材料的制备及其性能研究

　　

近年来储罐朝着大型化方向发展，自身火灾危险性日趋升高，一旦发生火灾事故则后果严重。传统的罐区火灾防护仍然存在薄弱之处，难以完全满足应急需求。在此背景下，本文研究制备出一种生物基应急隔热材料以进一步完善储罐区火灾防护体系。以水性聚合的聚丙烯酸钾PP为基体材料，向其中加入制备的阻燃协效剂制成隔热材料PPSL。向PPSL中加入以茶多酚、浒苔和聚磷酸铵复合而成的膨胀阻燃剂TE，最终制成一种生物基隔热材料PPSL-TE。对材料的隔热性能和热稳定性能研究，结果发现，协效剂和阻燃剂的加入使材料受热后形成的炭层膨胀高度增加，PPSL-TE3（1.4 wt% TE）炭层高度上升至7.5cm，且结构更为完整致密；残炭率由19.3wt%提升至31.5 wt%。此外，PPSL-TE材料在耐火测试中表现出良好的隔热能力。

In recent years, storage tanks have been developing in the direction of large-scale, and their own fire risk is increasing, and the consequences will be serious once a fire accident occurs. The traditional fire protection in storage tank area is still weak, and it is difficult to fully meet the emergency needs. In this context, this paper investigates and prepares a bio-based emergency thermal insulation material to further improve the fire protection system in storage tank area. A water-based polymerized poly (potassium acrylate) PP was used as the base material, to which the prepared flame retardant synergist was added to make the thermal insulating material PPSL, and the intumescent flame retardant TE compounded with tea polyphenol, Enteromorpha, and ammonium polyphosphate(APP) was added to the PPSL to make a biobased thermal insulating material PPSL-TE. The thermal insulating and thermal stability of the material were investigated, and it was found that the addition of the synergist and flame retardant made the material more thermal-resistant and thermally stable. The addition of the synergist and flame retardant increased the expansion height of the char layer formed after the material was heated, and the height of the char layer of PPSL-TE3 (1.4 wt% TE) increased to 7.5cm with a more complete and dense structure; the residual carbon rate increased from 19.3 wt% to 31.5 wt%. In addition, the PPSL-TE material showed good thermal insulation capability in the fire test.

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