
摘要:辐射热管理作为一种物体被动降温与加热的无能耗热管理方式,具有非常重要的研究与应用前景。如何调控材料独特的电磁频谱反射与发射性能成为了辐射热管理领域的挑战之一。通过3D打印制备了MXene含量呈不对称分布的PVDF/MXene分层复合多孔材料,其中,PVDF侧(降温面)在太阳光波段下具有高反射率(98.0%)且在大气窗口具有高发射率(95.4%),表现出良好的辐射降温性能,而MXene侧(加热面)中红外发射率低至18.2%,具有高达70.5%的太阳光吸收率。在降温模式中,该复合多孔材料降温面日间辐射降温功率达到105.8
W m-2,其平均降温可达4.1 oC;而在加热模式中,该复合多孔材料加热面最高可升温9.8
oC,平均升温约5.7 oC。
关键词:高分子复合材料;多孔结构;相分离;辐射制冷
Abstract: Radiative heat management is an important research area for passive cooling and heating of objects. However, regulating the unique electromagnetic spectrum reflection and emission properties of materials remains a challenge. To address this issue, PVDF/MXene layered composite porous materials with asymmetric MXene content distribution were fabricated using 3D printing. The cooling side (PVDF side) of the composite exhibited exceptional radiative cooling performance, with high reflectance (98.0%) in the solar band and high emissivity (95.4%) in the atmospheric window. The heating side (MXene side) demonstrated good radiative cooling performance, with low mid-infrared emissivity (18.2%) and high emissivity (70.5%) for solar absorption. Under cooling conditions, the composite porous material achieved a daytime radiative cooling power of 105.8 W m-2 and an average cooling of 4.1 oC. Under heating conditions, the heating side of the composite porous material heated up to 9.8 oC with an average warming of approximately 5.7 oC.
Key words:polymer composites, porous structures, phase separation, radiative cooling
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